Vladimir Rozanskij

The head of state dismissed executives and technocrats responsible for the problems in gas distribution. The sector under the control of opaque companies. The role of the Russians in Gazprom.

They are distributed in the northern Caucasus. Independents support the revival of the Mongol Horde. They are mainly active abroad. In the past they were victims of Tsarist and Stalinist deportations. The war in Ukraine has reawakened ethnic nationalism.

Putin's enemy subjected to sever prison regime. Move authorised by the prison doctors. They want to eliminate him slowly, as was the case in tsarist and Soviet times. Life in Russian prisons is difficult for those who need treatment, especially political opponents.

Potentially problematic parties for the ruling caste are excluded from the vote. Thus Tokaev will not be able to get rid of the old guard linked to his predecessor Nazarbaiev. Without real reforms, riots similar to those of January 2022 could reoccur.

The Russian religious authorities are aiming to reconcile Tatar identity with national orthodoxy to dampen latent separatist urges. The 'Ukraine' factor. The Tatar conference seems to be a "special spiritual operation" in Crimea and Tatarstan.

Domestic compliance with international commitments under observation. Corruption and personal discrimination are also in the crosshairs. The Turkmen government's attitude is evasive. Religious groups obliged to register.

The request comes from Ak Žol, a party included in the governing majority. They call for free elections, an independent and fair judiciary, and parliamentary democracy. Kazakhstan and Europe already have an expanded partnership. The Union is Astana's first trading partner and its primary investor.

Accepted in universities in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan thanks to EU-funded scholarships. In Afghanistan, the Taliban have imposed bans and restrictions on students. Once they have completed their studies abroad they can return to their country: however, many do not want to do so.

Extended €1,000 subsidy plan per disadvantaged family. Recipients can use the sum to start a business and become self-employed. The model is China's. However, waste is feared: many Kyrgyz only want the money without participating in work activities.

Over the 1,314-kilometer-long border, the two sides have had armed clashes with many casualties. Agreement on joint exploitation of resources in affected areas. The territorial dispute between Kyrgyz and Tajiks still remains in the region.

Opposed to war with Ukraine independence activists very active abroad, but stifled by authorities at home. Individual protests continue amid multiplying arrests of those promoting the Bashkian cause.

Azattyk, an emanation of Radio Svoboda, in the government's crosshairs. The accusation is that it covered border clashes with Tajikistan. In Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan was the only country with a minimum of freedom of expression.