North Asia

The founder of the Viasna Human Rights Centre was released a few weeks ago, along with a hundred other Belarusian political prisoners. He spoke with Radio Liberty from exile in Lithuania about his four years in jail for protesting Lukashenko's election fraud. The 2022 Nobel Peace Prize laureate noted that a thousand more people are still jailed in a “never-ending vicious circle.”

The famous formula of 19th century tsars, Autocracy-Orthodoxy-Nationality, is being reinterpreted today by Putin's ideologists as the new triad: Sovereignty-Traditionalism-Welfare State. Yet, it is precisely "moral and spiritual values" that are the least clear reference, incapable of going beyond the opposition to the “destructive and degraded” values ​​of the West.

Political scientists, philosophers, analysts and representatives of various associations meet at the annual conference of the Sakharov Centre in Berlin. What emerges is a picture of a society divided between the Z-Patrioty, the ‘turbo-supporters’ of the special operation in Ukraine, and the Uklonisty, the ‘reluctant’ who do not want to openly express their opinions on the war.

Viktor Erofeev, a critical anti-war voice since Crimea, presented his latest work. In Russia, repressing guilt has become automatic. The collapse of the Soviet Union is one example and the Orthodox Church, which never apologised for collaborating with the atheist regime, is another. Khrushchev words about Russia's wars in Georgia and Ukraine appear prophetic; meanwhile, the opposition abroad is failing.

One year after the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime, Moscow no longer plays an active role in Syria. But al-Sharaa went to Russia to meet Putin and relations between the two countries are marked by pragmatism, with Damascus still dependent on Russian oil and wheat. The issue of air bases and the port of Tartus.

The Mongolian government – which has always balanced between China and Russia, its two large neighbours – has in recent months entered into “strategic partnership” agreements with each of the major Western economies. Under the presidency of Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, Mongolia is seeking to use international relations as a way out of economic and social stagnation.

The two giants of the Asian continent have always been close, but they have never communicated as intensely and amicably as they have in recent times. China's position continues to strengthen despite all the mistrust surrounding Russian projects. The scenario of a ‘reverse colonisation’ compared to the times when Moscow was the ‘big brother’.

New Russian threats in Kherson bring the effects of the conflict on marine pollution back to the forefront. Research published last summer identified at least 70 chemicals from weapons in the waters of the Black Sea. Even the clashes and bombings are having devastating effects on marine wildlife.

The Decembrist revolt on December 14, 1825 saw army officers and intellectuals in favor of liberal reforms attempt to seize power after the sudden death of Tsar Alexander I, only to be crushed by the repression of Nicholas I. An icon of the recurring alternation between “system” and “revolt,” regime and anarchy, in the parable of Russian history.

Putin's new national policy strategy also addresses the issue of religion, further strengthening the role of the Orthodox Church. It places extremist terrorism and “Russophobia” in interethnic and interreligious relations on the same level as “threats”.

Leo XIV received the president of Mongolia in audience. The Holy See and the Chinggis Khan National Museum in Ulaanbaatar plan to expand cooperation in archival research, joint studies, and conferences, the result of growing diplomatic ties boosted by Pope Francis's trip in 2023.

The debate among Russians over Islamic rituals in public spaces in the absence of sufficient places of worship is becoming increasingly heated. Muslim religious authorities reiterate their recommendation to choose places where other people are not disturbed. But in the growing climate of hostility towards communities from Central Asia, there is no shortage of violent raids against Muslims at prayer.